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大学英语A3

一、阅读理解

A nineteenth-century French dramatist remarked that the only difference between animals and human beings is that people drink when they are not thirsty and make love in any season. The sociologist's definition of the difference is more scientific: only human beings have the ability for creating and transmitting culture. More than any other species, human animals are able to surpass their biological limitations by sharing ideas and passing on what they learn to future generations.

All animals, including human beings, have certain problems in common. In order to survive as species, they must find a home, get food and provide for their young. Animals are guided by instincts that enable them to cope with these problems of existence. Their responses to their environment is a fixed predictable manner: beavers build dams as homes, lions hunt for antelopes for food, and birds build nests to protect their young. Should these solutions turn out to be inadequate, animals for the most part will still go on making the same responses to the same problems. It is true that much of the behavior of higher animals is learned through direct experience. As everyone knows, dogs can be taught to overcome their instinctive dislike of cats, and parrots often learn new calls. In some cases animals have also been known to teach their offspring what they themselves have learned. Nevertheless, human beings are unique in their far greater ability to learn from experiences, to create new solutions to old problems, and most important, to use language to transmit what they have learned to future generations. While animal societies must rely on biologically inherited methods of dealing with their environment, human societies have the far greater advantage of a socially inherited culture.

1.From a sociological point of view, the difference between humans and animals is______.

A.humans drink when they are not thirsty

B.humans must find a home

C.humans can pass on their culture from generation to generation

D.humans know how to bring up their young

2.One of the problems that both humans and animals must face is______.

A.they have to overcome their biological disadvantages

B.they have to raise their young in whatever living conditions

C.they must share ideas when in trouble

D.they must find new solutions to difficult problems

3.In face of problems of existence, animals______.

A.can think and find a plausible solution

B.only respond repeatedly in the fixed way

C.can pass on the information to their young

D.young animals can think of better ways to solve them

4.Beavers can build dams as home______.

A.because they can learn from each other

B.in an instinctive way

C.after many failures

D.after they follow other beavers' ways of building dams

5.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Only humans can learn from experience.

B.Humans have much greater ability to solve problems with new methods.

C.Humans have more biological advantages than animals.

D.Humans and animals have nothing in common.

There’s a great story about an old Finnish woman who, without quite realizing it, was using her cell-phone to access the Internet and track her city’s public transit system. When asked why she used the wireless Internet so frequently, she replied, “What are you talking about? I don’t know anything about this wireless Internet stuff. I just know the bus is here.”

Regardless of whether you want to admit it, a lot of us are like that old Finnish woman. When it comes to new mobile applications, many of us do not realize the capability and power that we hold, literally, in our hands.

What we are looking at today is the mobile Internet in its infancy. Now that using the Internet from home or work has saturated much of society, the next logical step is to be able to use the Net when you are far away from your desktop or laptop. Speech recognition is one way to do this, and there are a number of services, collectively called the “voice Web”, that will make this possible. All you do is to use a phone or wireless device to call a phone number, and speak commands to an intuitive system. It will then give you the information you’re seeking, using either a synthesized voice or an audio file.

In the United States and Europe, the hot technology for wireless devices is called WAP (Wireless Application Protocol), which is being considered as the world standard. WAP is supported by major phone companies including Nokia, Motorola and Ericsson, and is simply a means of transmitting information, much like HTML which is a means of communicating on the Internet.

Currently, wireless Internet connections may give you news, sports scores, stock quotes, and the weather if you’re lucky. But if you’ve ever used this technology, you know it’s slow, costly and doesn’t seem worth the time and effort, if it works at all. All of this technology points to easier living. Perhaps you’ll need to find a restaurant for an occasional business meeting. You’ll press a button on your mobile phone, and access the Internet to pull up a list of great restaurants in your immediate area. You’ll hit another button, say a few words into the handset and you’ve got a reservation for four.

6.The author uses the story of an old Finnish woman to indicate that __________.

A.she is ignorant of some common knowledge

B.public transit system contains the accessory to Internet

C.many people are unaware of the function of the new appliances being used

D.the Internet is experiencing rapid growth

7.The word “saturate”(Para. 3) most probably means _________.

A.state

B.utilize

C.despise

D.fill

8.According to the text, WAP is a __________.

A.technology standard set by major phone companies

B.substitution of HTML which can be applied on the Internet

C.means of exchanging information

D.software application for transmitting voice over telephone lines

9.We can infer from the passage that the mobile Internet is different from the previous Internet in that the former __________.

A.can be accessed by desktop computers

B.has no need for wire appliances

C.can be used to book a table in a restaurant

D.is equipped with speech recognition systems

10.What is the attitude of the author towards the future of mobile Internet?

A.Indifferent

B.Neutral

C.Optimistic

D.Pessimistic

二、词汇与语法

11.The article is written for the purpose ________ showing why bionics is a growing science.

A.in

B.at

C.of

D.for

12.This kind of camera can be ________ to take pictures in cloudy or rainy conditions.

A.treated

B.adopted

C.adjusted

D.remedied

13.Only under special circumstances ________ to take make-up tests.

A.freshmen are permitted

B.are freshman permitted

C.permitted are freshmen

D.are permitted freshmen

14.No sooner had the train started ________ Mrs. Johnson said that she had forgot her handbag.

A.when

B.than

C.then

D.that

15.He won't succeed any way, ________ hard he tries.

A.whatever

B.no matter

C.as

D.however

16.Since there is not much time left, I'll tell you about it _______.

A.in detail

B.in brief

C.at length

D.in all

17.If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.

A.to

B.about

C.by

D.with

18.By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________ here for two days.

A.shall stay

B.have been staying

C.will have stayed

D.have stayed

19.This famous temple is believed _________ about 800 years ago.

A.being built

B.having built

C.to have built

D.to have been built

20.At the end of 2004, there were around 6,000 foreign printing companies in China, ______ up around 4 percent of national total.

A.made

B.to make

C.making

D.having made

三、完型填空

In 1959 the average American family paid $989 __21__ a year's supply of food. In 1972 the family paid $1,311. That was a price __22__ of nearly one-third.

Every family has had this sort of experience. Everyone agrees that the cost of __23__ a family has risen sharply. But there is less agreement when reasons for the rise are being discussed. Who is really __24__?

Many blame the farmers who produce the vegetables, fruit, meat, eggs, and cheese __25__ stores offer for sale. According to the US Department of Agriculture, the farmer's share of the $1,311 spent by the family in 1972 was $521. This was thirty-one percent __26__ than the farmer had received in 1959. But farmers claim that this increase was very small __27__ to the increase in their cost of living. Farmers tend to blame others for the sharp __28__ in food prices. They particularly blame those who __29__ the farm products after the products leave the farm. These include truck drivers, meat packers, manufacturers of packages and other food containers, and the owners of stores where food is sold. They are among the "middlemen" who stand __30__ the farmer and the people who buy and eat the food. Are middlemen the ones to blame for food price?

21.

A.on

B.to

C.for

D.with

22.

A.paid

B.increase

C.decrease

D.income

23.

A.expense

B.expenditure

C.feeding

D.living

24.

A.responsible

B.fault

C.reason

D.cause

25.

A.these

B.that

C.they

D.them

26.

A.rather

B.different

C.better

D.more

27.

A.leading for

B.included

C.compared

D.known

28.

A.rise

B.arise

C.promote

D.rising

29.

A.sale

B.buy

C.eat

D.process

30.

A.for

B.out

C.among

D.between

四、汉译英

31.研究表明，人们越来越关心生活的质量。

udies show that people are have become more and more concerned with/about the quality of life.

32.我有很多爱好，其中之一就是集邮。

have many hobbies, one of which is stamp-collecting.

33.这就是我不愿意加入这个足球队的原因。

at is the reason why I don't want to join the football team.

34.他们受到的教育越多，就越能更好地完成工作。

e better educated they are/The more education they receive, the better they can perform in their work.

五、写作

35.写作

Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

"A friend in need is a friend indeed". We do need friends and friendship in our life. Write an essay on the topic "Making Friends" and you should base your essay on the outline below.

1.每个人都需要朋友。

2.但交友也需谨慎。

3.我的交友之道。