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大学英语A6

一、阅读理解

It's a modern problem: you're too busy to be disturbed by many phone calls so you turn your cell phone off. But if you don't remember to turn it back on when you're less busy, you could miss some important calls. If only the phone knew when it was wise to interrupt you, you wouldn't have to turn it off at all. Instead, it could let calls through when you are not too busy.

A bunch of behavior sensors and a clever piece of software could do just that, by analyzing your behavior to determine if it's a good time to interrupt you. If built into a phone, the system may decide you're too busy and ask the caller to leave a message or ring back later.

James Fogarty and Scott Hudson at carnegie Mellon University in Pennsylvania based their system on tiny microphones, cameras and touch sensors that reveal body language and activity. First they had to study different behaviors to find out which ones strongly predict whether your mind is interrupted.

The potential "busyness" signals they focused on included whether the office doors were left open or closed, the time of day, if other people were with the person in question, how close they were to each other, and whether or not the computer was in use.

The sensors monitored these and many other factors while four subjects were at work. At random intervals，the subjects rated how interruptible they were on a scale ranging from "highly interruptible" to "highly not interruptible". Their ratings were then correlated with the various behaviors. "It is a shotgun approach：we used all the indicators we could think of and then let statistics find out which were important, " says Hudson.

The model showed that using the keyboard, and talking on a landline or to someone else in the office correlated most strongly with how interruptible the subjects judged themselves to be.

Interestingly, the computer was actually better than people at predicting when someone was too busy to be interrupted. The computer got it right 82 per cent of the time, humans 77 per cent. Fogarty speculates that this might be because people doing the interrupting are inevitably biased towards delivering their message, whereas computers don't care.

The first application for Hudson and Fogarty's system is likely to be in an instant messaging system, followed by office phones and cell phones. "There is no technological roadblock to it used in a couple of years," says Hudson.

1.A big problem facing people today is that ______.

A.they must tolerate phone disturbances or miss important calls

B.they must turn off their phones to keep their homes quiet

C.they have to switch from a desktop phone to a cell phone

D.they are too busy to make phone calls or write e-mails

2.The behavior sensor and software system built in a phone ______.

A.could help store important messages

B.could send messages immediately

C.could tell when it's right to interrupt you

D.could refuse important phone calls

3.Scientists at Carnegie Mellon University tried to find out ______.

A.why office doors were often 1eft open

B.when it was a good time to turn off the computer

C.what questions office workers were bothered with

D.which behaviors could tell whether a person was busy

4.During the experiment, the subjects were asked ______.

A.to control the sensors and the camera

B.to rate the degrees to which they could be interrupted

C.to compare their behaviors with one another's

D.to analyze all the indicators of interruption

5.The computer performed better than people in the study because ______.

A.the computer worked harder

B.the computer was not busy

C.people tended to be biased

D.people were not good at statistics

Throughout the colonial period there was a remarkable shortage of women, which varied with the regions and was always greatest in the frontier areas. This shortage enhanced （提高）women's status and position and allowed them to pursue different careers. The puritans （清教徒） regarded idleness as a sin （罪恶）, and believed that life in an underdevelopment country made it necessary that each member of the community performed an economic function. Thus work for women was not only approved but also was regarded as a civic （公民的） duty. Puritan town councils expected widows and independent women to be self-supporting. There was no social prohibition against married women working; on the contrary, wives were expected to help their husbands in their trade and won social approval for doing extra work in or out of the home.

The vast majority of women worked within their homes, where their labor produced most articles needed for the family. The entire colonial production of cloth and clothing and partly that of shoes was in the hands of women. In addition to these occupations, women were found in many different kinds of employment. They were butchers, silversmiths and gunsmiths. They ran mills, plantations, shipyards, and every kind of shop. They were gatekeepers, jail keepers, journalists, printers, nurses, and teachers.

6.What does the passage mainly discuss?

A.Colonial marriages.

B.The puritan religion.

C.Colonial women's employment.

D.Education in the colonies.

7.According to the passage, where in colonial North America were there the fewest women?

A.Puritan communities.

B.Seaports.

C.Frontier settlements.

D.Capital cities.

8.It can be inferred from the passage that the Puritans were ______.

A.uneducated

B.hardworking

C.generous

D.wealthy

9.According to the passage, Puritans believed that an unmarried adult woman should be ______.

A.financially responsible for herself

B.returned to England

C.supported by her family

D.trained to be a nurse

10.According to the passage, what did the Puritans expect from married women?

A.They should adopt needy children.

B.They should assist in their husbands' trade or business.

C.They should work only within their own homes.

D.They should be apprenticed.

二、词汇与语法

11.The electric shaver needs ________ before it can be used.

A.repairing

B.to repair

C.being repaired

D.to be repairing

12.Gain at the expense of reputation should be called _______.

A.load

B.loss

C.profit

D.burden

13.________ the program, they have to stay there for another three weeks.

A.Not having completed

B.Not completed

C.Not completing

D.Having not completed

14.The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ________ as the plane was making a landing.

A.seated

B.seating

C.seat

D.to be seating

15.If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.

A.to

B.about

C.by

D.with

16.The uniform makes us look like a bunch of clones, especially _______ we are doing morning exercise in the playground.

A.since

B.which

C.as

D.when

17.John suggested _________ anything about it until they found out more facts.

A.not to say

B.not say

C.to say not

D.not saying

18.Scarcely had the car stopped ________ the cell phone began to ring.

A.than

B.when

C.after

D.before

19.The hurricane left, _______ the ruins to this area.

A.to be left

B.leaving

C.to leave

D.left

20.Jackson is not ________ as you imagine.

A.so a big fool

B.so big a fool

C.such big a fool

D.a such big fool

三、完型填空

A solicitor is a lawyer who gives __21__ and legal help to his clients. __22__, he is not as a rule __23__ to appear in court and speak as an advocate. That is to say, he cannot __24__ his client in a court of law. __25__ can he prosecute. These two jobs are done by another section of legal specialists --- the barristers. The President of the Law Society, __26__ once to a group of law students, said, 'Every client who comes into the office of a solicitor comes with a problem __27__ his shoulders; he wants to go out of the office feeling that he has left his burden __28__ him --- that is to say, __29__ you. The __30__ of that burden is the service that the client pays us for.

21.

A.work

B.advice

C.education

D.effect

22.

A.However

B.Consequently

C.Therefore

D.Furthermore

23.

A.reluctant

B.willing

C.competent

D.skillful

24.

A.protect

B.defend

C.shelter

D.shade

25.

A.Neither

B.Also

C.So

D.Either

26.

A.speak

B.speaking

C.dismiss

D.dismissing

27.

A.with

B.for

C.on

D.about

28.

A.behind

B.before

C.around

D.about

29.

A.for

B.about

C.with

D.around

30.

A.protection

B.removal

C.approval

D.permission

四、汉译英

31.我们总是愿意帮助处在困境中的朋友。

are always willing to help our friends in trouble.

32.我们必须努力学习，否则就无法通过考试。

must study hard, or/otherwise we will not /can't pass the exam.

33.我们想知道她是否会出席这个音乐会。

are wondering whether she will attend/come to this concert.

34.由于天气不好，飞机不能按时起飞。

cause of /Due to the bad weather the plane won't /can't take off on time.

五、写作

35.写作

Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

As a student, what kind of teacher do you like? Do you think teachers and students can become friends? Write a composition on the title: "My View on the Teacher-student Relationship". Your composition should be based on the following outline:

1.处理好师生关系对学生的前途有一定影响。良好的师生关系会使学习成为一种享受，而师生关系不融洽会打消学生学习的积极性。

2.你认为好的师生关系应该是怎样的？

3.根据你本人的知识、经历说明。