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大学英语A6

一、阅读理解

Here is one woman's story of balancing home and career. Rachel always dreamed of having a large family and an interesting career. She now has four children and works full-time.

"I really have two full-time jobs. My job in the city is in investment banking and I really like it. It's interesting and important. My other job is at home ---- raising four kids and keeping the household going. I like this job too, and though it's not always interesting, I know it's important. But when I'm not cleaning up the kitchen after a meal, or picking up the kids' things from the floor for the millionth time, or feeding the dog, then I'm falling asleep during my youngest daughter's piano practice. When I do have some free time, I've usually got a headache. The reality is that, most of the time, it's just too much."

Rachel has role overload. That is, she has difficulty combining the roles of worker and of wife and mother. Role overload is one of the disadvantages that today's women face. While both parents are more "stretched" when the woman of the household works, it is usually the woman who does most of the childcare and housework. Most studies investigating housework conclude that women (whether employed or not) do "the lion's share" of the housework and childcare. An Australian study, for example, found that employed wives did 69.3 hours of unpaid work around the house during a two-week period while employed husbands did approximately 31.2 hours. A study by Bird shows a similar picture for U.S. households. In this study of 1,256 adults, Bird showed that while working women certainly want an equal share of housework, they "shoulder the main burden" by doing approximately twice as much as their spouses. Her study showed that after marriage, women gain 14 hours of household chores per week, while their husbands gain only 90 minutes.

1.What can we learn about Rachel from "I really have two full-time jobs"?

A.She works for two different companies.

B.She is both a bank clerk and a housekeeper.

C.She is a wife and mother with a full-time job.

D.She has to keep two jobs to raise the children.

2.We can infer from Rachel's own words that ______.

A.she always finds both jobs interesting and important

B.she is able to deal with both jobs without any difficulty

C.she cannot find enjoyment from the endless daily tasks

D.she feels stress from the combined roles of worker and of wife and mother

3.According to the passage, which of the following is the consequence of women's role overload?

A.They have difficulty balancing home and career.

B.They ask the husband to contribute more to childcare and housework.

C.They have to take up more than one job to support the family.

D.They always complain about having too much work at hand.

4.The best explanation of "the lion's share" in the last paragraph is ______.

A.the largest part

B.the unpaid job

C.an equal share

D.the women's job

5.The main purpose for the writer to cite Bird's study is ______.

A.to explain more women do unpaid jobs than men do

B.to show career women take up more housework than their husband

C.to demonstrate why women want their husband to do equal share of housework

D.to show that both parents are more "stretched" when the woman works

A report consistently brought back by visitors to the US is how friendly, courteous and helpful most Americans were to them. To be fair, this observation is also frequently made of Canada and Canadians, and should best be considered North American. There are, of course, exceptions. Small-minded officials, rude waiters, and ill-mannered taxi drivers are hardly unknown in the US. Yet it is an observation made so frequently that it deserves comment. For a long period of time and in many parts of the country, a traveler was a welcome break in an otherwise dull existence.

Dullness and loneliness were common problems of the families who generally lived distant from one another. Strangers and travelers were welcome sources of diversion, and brought news of the outside world. The harsh realities of the frontier also shaped this tradition of hospitality.

Someone traveling alone, if hungry, injured, or ill, often had nowhere to turn except to the nearest cabin or settlement. It was not a matter of choice for the traveler or merely a charitable impulse on the part of the settlers. It reflected the harshness of daily life: if you didn’t take in the stranger and take care of him, there was no one else who would. And someday, remember, you might be in the same situation. Today there are many charitable organizations which specialize in helping the weary traveler. Yet, the old tradition of hospitality to strangers is still very strong in the US, especially in the smaller cities and towns away from the busy tourist trails. "I was just traveling through, got talking with this American, and pretty soon he invited me home for dinner - amazing." Such observations reported by visitors to the US are not uncommon, but are not always understood properly.

The casual friendliness of many Americans should be interpreted neither as superficial nor as artificial, but as the result of a historically developed cultural tradition. As is true of any developed society, in America a complex set of cultural signals, assumptions, and conventions underlies all social interrelationships. And, of course, speaking a language does not necessarily mean that someone understands social and cultural patterns. Visitors who fail to "translate" cultural meanings properly often draw wrong conclusions. For example, when an American uses the word "friend", the cultural implications of the word may be quite different from those it has in the visitor’s language and culture. It takes more than a brief encounter on a bus to distinguish between courteous convention and individual interest. Yet, being friendly is a virtue that many Americans value highly and expect from both neighbors and strangers.

6.In the eyes of visitors from the outside world, ___________.

A.rude taxi drivers are rarely seen in the US

B.small-minded officials deserve a serious comment

C.Canadians are not so friendly as their neighbors

D.most Americans are ready to offer help

7.It could be inferred from the last paragraph that ___________.

A.culture exercises an influence over social interrelationship

B.courteous convention and individual interest are interrelated

C.various virtues manifest themselves exclusively among friends

D.social interrelationships equal the complex set of cultural conventions

8.Families in frontier settlements used to entertain strangers ___________.

A.to improve their hard life

B.in view of their long-distance travel

C.to add some flavor to their own daily life

D.out of a charitable impulse

9.The tradition of hospitality to strangers ___________.

A.tends to be superficial and artificial

B.is generally well kept up in the United States

C.is always understood properly

D.has something to do with the busy tourist trails

10.What’s the author’s attitudes toward the American’s friendliness?

A.Favorable.

B.Unfavorable.

C.Indifferent.

D.Neutral.

二、词汇与语法

11.Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge, I can't remember ________.

A.where

B.here

C.which

D.that

12.This kind of camera can be ________ to take pictures in cloudy or rainy conditions.

A.treated

B.adopted

C.adjusted

D.remedied

13._______ the definition of Chinese traditional medicine, acupuncture does not only alleviate pain but cure disease.

A.Because of

B.Instead of

C.According to

D.In spite of

14.No sooner had the train started ________ Mrs. Johnson said that she had forgot her handbag.

A.when

B.than

C.then

D.that

15.Their idea is _______ to us all and you don't need to tell us more about it.

A.apparent

B.appearing

C.approaching

D.apart

16.By the time he arrives in Beijing, we ________ here for two days.

A.shall stay

B.have been staying

C.will have stayed

D.have stayed

17.The theory of class currently prevailing in the West is ______ based on what Max Weber, a German sociologist, proposed.

A.fairly

B.kindly

C.largely

D.greatly

18.The pilot of the plane is ________ for the passengers' safety.

A.conscious

B.responsible

C.necessary

D.regulated

19.At that moment she was standing a few meters away from __________ we are now.

A.where

B.what

C.which

D.there

20.If we don't stop the population from increasing at such a rapid rate, there will ________ not be enough room left on the earth for human to stand, let alone development.

A.constantly

B.mainly

C.eventually

D.lately

三、完型填空

Throughout history man has had to accept the fact that all living things must die, but people now live longer than they __21__. Yet, all living things still show the __22__ of aging, which will eventually __23__ death.

Aging is not a disease, but as a person passes maturity, the cells of the body and the organs they form do not function as well as they did in childhood. The body provides less __24__ against diseases and is more inclined __25__ accident.

A number of related causes may contribute to aging. Some cells of the body have a fairly long life, but they are not __26__ when they die. In an aging person the new cells may not be as capable __27__ growth as those of a young person.

Another __28__ in aging may be changes within the cells themselves. Some of the protein chemicals in cells are known to change with age and become less flexible. This is why the skin of old people wrinkles. This is also the reason old people __29__ in height. There may be other more important chemicals changes in the cells. Some complex cell chemicals, such as DNA and RNA, store and __30__ information that the cells need. Aging may affect this process and change the information-carrying molecules so that they do not transmit the information as well.

21.

A.had

B.use to

C.were used to

D.used to

22.

A.fact

B.effect

C.function

D.symbol

23.

A.affect

B.produce

C.result in

D.result from

24.

A.protection

B.demand

C.decline

D.delay

25.

A.to

B.for

C.against

D.from

26.

A.replaced

B.born

C.recovered

D.discovered

27.

A.with

B.for

C.of

D.to

28.

A.factor

B.effect

C.reason

D.element

29.

A.short

B.shrink

C.lengthen

D.increase

30.

A.pass to

B.pass from

C.pass on

D.pass on to

四、汉译英

31.在许多国家，英语是医疗卫生、电子和空间技术领域的工作语言。

many countries, English is the working language of medicine, electronics, and space technology.

32.他们受到的教育越多，就越能更好地完成工作。

e better educated they are/The more education they receive, the better they can perform in their work.

33.我们必须努力学习，否则就无法通过考试。

must study hard, or/otherwise we will not /can't pass the exam.

34.如果昨天我知道这件事, 我就会告诉你的。

I had known about it yesterday, I would have told you.

五、写作

35.写作

Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

With the improvement in living standards, more and more people start to go abroad for their holidays. Write an essay on the topic "The Advantages and Disadvantages of Going Abroad for Holidays". And you should base your essay on the outline below.

1.出国旅游悄然兴起，出国旅游的种种好处；

2.出国旅游的种种弊端；

3.你的看法以及理由。