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大学英语A8

一、阅读理解

Teachers have become especially important to the future of public education in the U.S. But with the number of teachers increasing, the nation faces another problem － the shortage of teaching talents (人才). That's why hundreds of school districts across the country are looking for ways to attract, reward and keep good teachers. One of the most popular ideas is the system of merit pay, which aims to measure the quality of teachers' work and pay teachers according to the results of the measurement.

Traditionally speaking, public schools' salaries are based on years that a teacher spends on the job and college credits he or she earned. It is a system supported by unions who suggest treating all teachers equally. Under this s 成人学历 ituation, the longer a teacher works, the more credits he or she is rewarded, and the higher salary he or she gets.

But not all authorities (当局) accept this way to measure teacher's work efforts. Policymakers are now focusing on a relatively more measurable aspect: student test scores. In many districts, authorities are carrying out systems that can track student scores back to the teachers who have taught them. Based on the scores, the authorities may determine the bonuses (奖金) given to each teacher and, in some cases, target to help teachers make progress of their teaching quality. According to some researches, offering bonuses to teachers who raise student achievement will improve the overall quality of teaching. More importantly, it can attract more highly qualified talents into the field of education.

It's hard to argue against these policies, which are indeed working, but such programs have backfired in some states. 国家开放大学 As far as I'm concerned, a more promising way is to combine the system of merit pay with more opportunities for professional training and exchange of experience for both the talent and novice (新手) teachers.

1.The best title for the passage is ______.

A.National Public Education

B.Public School Salaries

C.Ways to Reward Good Teachers

D.Professional Training

2.The traditional system is supported by unions because they think _______.

A.teachers can be treate 渝粤题库 d equally in this way

B.teachers are rewarded and paid as individuals

C.it is focused on credits instead of test scores

D.its measurement is reasonable and acceptable

3.In devised systems, test scores are traced back to teachers in order to _____.

A.compare them with their advantages and shortcomings

B.measure their competence and help them make progress

C.share their experience and raise student achievement

D.give each teacher an equal chance to being rewarded

4.The sentence “… such programs have already backfired in some states (paragraph 3)” shows that the programs____.

A.are supported by the nation

B.have reached its goals

C.are not worth trying

D.have some disadvantages

5.The author's attitude towards merit pay is _______.

A.favorable

B.critical

C.confused

D.neutral

It was 1985, and Rafe Esquith was beginning his third year of teaching in Los Angeles public schools. He faced a class of 40 sixth-graders from low-income homes where English rarely was spoken, and the best reader among them was two years below grade level.

But to everyone’s surprise, he decided to teach them Shakespeare.

Five families agreed to let their children play “Macbeth”for two hours after school. This proved to be so much fun that, within weeks, Esquith had 28 kids happily soaking up the drama of blood and betrayal in medieval Scotland. They were learning many words they had never heard before.

But when Esquith asked a school district supervisor for official approval, he received this note:“Mr. Esquith, it is not appropriate that you stay after school to teach Shakespeare. It would be better if you did something with the children that is academic.”

It would not be the last time that the narrow thinking of big-city school administration got in Esquith’s way. Yet the bearded, 6-foot-tall cyclone has proved that a teacher who thinks very big -- much harder lessons, larger projects, extra class time -- can help disadvantaged children in ways most educators never imagine.

This was difficult at first, until he stumbled upon a concept of teaching that is at the core of his success. American children, even those from hardworking immigrant cultures, have in Esquith’s view been wrongly taught that learning should always be fun, by teachers who think hard lessons are bad for kids from low-income homes. When faced with something difficult, such students don’t know what to do.

The Declaration of Independence says Americans are entitled to the pursuit of happiness, but the emphasis in public schooling has been on the happiness, he believes. “What happened to pursuit?” Esquith said. So he has created an entirely new universe in his classroom, cherishing effort and the slogan, “There Are No Shortcuts”.

As for their own dramatic performances, Esquith got aroundthe original ban on his after-school “Macbeth”rehearsals by switching to Thornton Wilder’s “Our Town”. When that class finally performed the Shakespeare play, a school district supervisor showed up. The high-ranking district administrator came up afterwards and shook his hand. “Rafe”, she said, “I’ve never seen Shakespeare done better.”

6.It can be learned from the passage that Esquith’s students _____________.

A.liked the traditional teaching better

B.were relatively poor in intelligence

C.were mainly from immigrant families

D.refused to cooperate with the new teacher

7.At first, Esquith’s Shakespeare-teaching ______________.

A.won the support of the school district authority

B.got slow response from the school district authority

C.did not draw attention from the school district authority

D.was not approved by the school district authority

8.It is implied that most educators ______________.

A.fail to realize the potential of disadvantaged students

B.fail to introduce fun into the learning of disadvantaged students

C.are reluctant to admit the unfair treatment to disadvantaged students

D.are unaware of the difficulty faced by disadvantaged students

9.Esquith’s principle of teaching is different from the general one in that _________.

A.he insists on giving harder lessons to more advanced students

B.he places greater emphasis on hard work in students’learning

C.he pays less attention to students’academic performances

D.he dismisses the concept of extra homework for students

10.What is the main idea of the passage?

A.An inspiring teacher wins the love and respect of his students.

B.An experienced teacher contributes to the school and the students.

C.An innovative teacher makes changes in the students.

D.An optimistic teacher helps build confidence in the students.

二、词汇与语法

11.Most of us were either crying or doing our best to ______ the tears.

A.hold back

B.turn away

C.clean up

D.slow down

12.Your proposal looks nice ________, but I am not convinced it can be put into effect.

A.on paper

B.at sight

C.under cover

D.in bulk

13.The boss didn't know who _______ for the broken cup.

A.will blame

B.to blame

C.blamed

D.blames

14.A good ad often uses words ______ people attach positive meanings.

A.in which

B.to which

C.which

D.that

15.When the girl heard the news, she could do nothing but ________ back home.

A.going

B.went

C.to go

D.go

16.You must speak slowly, so that you can make yourself ________.

A.understood

B.being understood

C.understanding

D.to be understood

17.His brother is very ______ about wines.

A.aware

B.learned

C.knowledgeable

D.skeptical

18.I don't think his remarks are relevant ________ our discussion.

A.to

B.at

C.for

D.with

19.This couple has two daughters, _________ of whom is working in the U. S.

A.the younger

B.the youngest

C.a younger

D.the young

20.He has gone to the post office to ________ a parcel that has come to him from his brother.

A.gather

B.mail

C.collect

D.pick

三、完型填空

Most children with healthy appetites are ready to eat almost anything that is offered them and a child rarely dislikes food __21__ it is badly cooked. The 渝粤教育 way a meal is cooked and served is most important and an attractively served meal will often improve a child's appetite. Never ask a child __22__ he likes or dislikes a food and never discuss likes and dislikes in front of him or allow __23__ else to do so. If the mother says she hates fat meat or the father refuses vegetables in the child's hearing, he is possible to copy this procedure, take it __24__ granted that he dislikes everything and he probably __25__. Nothing healthful should be omitted from the meal because of a supposed dislike. At meal times it is a good __26__ to give a child a small portion and let him come back for a second helping rather than give him as __27__ as he is likely to eat all at once. Do not talk too much to the child during meal times, but let him get on with his food; and do not __28__ him to leave the table immediately after a meal or 广东开放大学 he will soon learn to swallow his food __29__ he can hurry back to his toys. Under no circumstances must a child be coaxed(哄骗) __30__ forced to eat.

21.

A.if

B.unless

C.that

D.until

22.

A.what

B.whether

C.that

D.which

23.

A.everyone

B.somebody

C.anybody

D.nobody

24.

A.with

B.as

C.for

D.over

25.

A.should

B.may

C.must

D.will

26.

A.point

B.custom

C.plan

D.idea

27.

A.little

B.much

C.few

D.many

28.

A.allow

B.agree

C.force

D.persuade

29.

A.lest

B.until

C.so

D.although

30.

A.neither

B.nor

C.but

D.or

四、汉译英

31.研究小组由来自医学、物理、化学领域的教授组成。

e research group consists of professors who come from the fields of medicine, physics, and chemistry.

32.与同事们和睦相处对我来说很重要。

's important for me to get along with the/my colleagues.

33.我们想知道她是否会出席这个音乐会。

are wondering whether she will attend/come to this concert.

34.教育将给你提供更多就业机会。

ucation will provide you with more job opportunities. OR: Education will provide you with more chances/opportunities to find/get a job.

五、写作

35.Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

You are to write an email to a friend who failed to attend an interesting party. You should base your email on the outline below:

1．问候并表达对朋友没能参加聚会的遗憾

2．描述聚会的场景（如地点、参加的人员、食物、有趣的事件等）

3．邀请朋友参加下次的聚会