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大学英语A10

一、阅读理解

A nineteenth-century French dramatist remarked that the only difference between animals and human beings is that people drink when they are not thirsty and make love in any season. The sociologist's definition of the difference is more scientific: only human beings have the ability for creating and transmitting culture. More than any other species, human animals are able to surpass their biological limitations by sharing ideas and passing on what they learn to future generations.

All animals, including human beings, have certain problems in common. In order to survive as species, they must find a home, get food and provide for their young. Animals are guided by instincts that enable them to cope 成人学历 with these problems of existence. Their responses to their environment is a fixed predictable manner: beavers build dams as homes, lions hunt for antelopes for food, and birds build nests to protect their young. Should these solutions turn out to be inadequate, animals for the most part will still go on making the same responses to the same problems. It is true that much of the behavior of higher animals is learned through direct experience. As everyone knows, dogs can be taught to overcome their instinctive dislike of cats, and parrots often learn new calls. In some cases animals have also been known to teach their offspring what they themselves have learned. Nevertheless, human beings are unique in their far greater ability to learn from experiences, to create new solutions to old problems, and most important, to use language to transmit what they have learned to future generations. While animal societies must rely on biologically inherited methods of dealing with their environment, human societies have the far greater advantage of a socially inherited culture.

1.From a sociological point of view, the difference between humans and animals is______.

A.humans drink when they are not thirsty

B.humans must find a home

C.humans can pass on their culture from generation to generation

D.humans know how to bring up their young

2.One of the problems that both humans and animals must face is______.

A.they have to overcome their biological disadvantages

B.they have to raise their young in whatever living conditions

C.they must share ideas when in trouble

D.they must find new solutions to difficult problems

3.In face of problems of existence, animals______.

A.can think and find a plausible solution

B.only respond repeatedly in the fixed way

C.can pass on the information to their young

D.young animals can think of better ways to solve them

4.Beavers can build dams as home______.

A.because they can learn from each other

B.in an instinctive way

C.after many failures

D.after they follow other beavers' ways of building dams

5.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A.Onl 广东开放大学 y humans can learn from experience.

B.Humans have much greater ability to solve problems with new methods.

C.Humans have more biological advantages than animals.

D.Humans and animals have nothing in common.

Since World War II, there has been a clearly discernible trend, especially among the growing group of college students, toward early marriage. Many youths begin dating in the first stages of adolescence, “go steady”through high school, and marry before their formal education has been completed. However, emotional maturity is no respecter of birthdays; it does not arrive automatically at twenty-one or twenty-five. Some achieve it surprisingly early, while others never do, even in three-score years and ten (七十岁）.

Many students are marrying as an escape, not onl 渝粤教育 y from an unsatisfying home life, but also from their own personal problems of isolation and loneliness. And it can almost be put down as a dictum that any marriage seldom solves one’s problems, more often, it merely makes them worse. Furthermore, it is doubtful whether the home is an institution that is capable of carrying all that the young are seeking to put into it. Young people correctly understand that their parents are wrong in believing that “success”is the ultimate goal, but they erroneously believe that they themselves have found the true center of life’s meaning. Their expectations of marriage are essentially utopian and therefore incapable of fulfillment. They want too much, and disappointments are often bound to follow.

Shall we, then, join the chorus of “Miseries”over early marriage? One cannot generalize: all early marriages are not bad any more than all later ones are good. Satisfactory marriages are determined not by time, but by the emotional maturity of the partners. Therefore, each case must be judged on its own merits. If the early marriage is not an escape, if it is entered into with relatively few illusions or false expectations, and if it is economically feasible, why not? Good marriages can be made from sixteen to sixty, and so are bad ones.

6.According to this article the trend toward early marriages __________.

A.was the result of the Great Depression of the 1930’s

B.could not be easily determined

C.is one that could be clearly seen

D.is a result of the emotional maturity of the young

7.The author suggests that many of today’s early marriages are a result of __________.

A.escapism

B.theological dictum

C.lack of formal education

D.convenience

8.More often than not, early marriage will __________.

A.not affect one’s problems

B.solve a person’s problems

C.intensify one’s problems

D.ease one’s problems

9.The author states that the home as an institution is __________.

A.overrated

B.unworthy of worship

C.a god who can grant everything that you wish for

D.probably not capable of being what many young people expect it to be

10.Many young people who marry early believe that __________.

A.their parents have found the true meaning of life

B.they have found the true center of life’s meaning

C.“success”is the ultimate goal

D.to succeed is not at all important

二、词汇与语法

11.Women are now in a majority on the committee, although _______ to 1976 there were no women at all.

A.precious

B.previous

C.probable

D.present

12.The expression finds its _______ in French.

A.source

B.beginning

C.origin

D.basis

13.He didn't want ________ his mother because she had sacrificed so much for him.

A.to fail

B.failing

C.to fail for

D.failing for

14.It is necessary that you ________ be present at the meeting.

A.should

B.could

C.may

D.will

15.If we don't stop the population from increasing at such a rapid rate, there will ________ not be enough room left on the earth for human to stand, let alone development.

A.constantly

B.mainly

渝粤题库 >C.eventually

D.lately

16.He won't succeed any way, ________ hard he tries.

A.whatever

B.no matter

C.as

D.however

17.At that moment she was standing a few meters away from __________ we are now.

A.where

B.what

C.which

D.there

18.If the rain doesn't stop, people will be faced ________ serious flooding.

A.to

B.about

C.by

D.with

19.Watching sport was _________ the most popular activity on Saturday afternoons.

A.so far

B.by far

C.far from

D.much far

20.Purchasing the new production line will be a ________ deal for the company.

A.forceful

B.profitable

C.tremendous

D.favorite

三、完型填空

City traffic is a great __21__. More cars are produced every year and the streets are getting more and more __22__. So during rush hours, when people are going to or from their work, traffic is brought to a __23__. It has been suggested that 'commuters' (the people who travel to work every day from outside the city) should __24__ their cars and give each other lifts. So each car would carry four or five people __25__ only one. It is an excellent idea; __26__, so far nobody has been able to think of a way to force people to do so.

To __27__ motorists from leaving their cars in the streets all day, parking meters are used. When you park at a meter, you must put a coin in the slot. This pays for a certain __28__ of time. The meter records this and it shows __29__ the time that you have paid for is finished. If the car is still there then, you have to pay a __30__.

21.

A.comfort

B.business

C.incident

D.problem

22.

A.quiet

B.crowded

C.straight

D.remote

23.

A.current

B.movement

C.flow

D.standstill

24.

A.share

B.provide

C.divide

D.combine

25.

A.in spite of

B.instead of

C.with the aid of

D.in regard to

26.

A.however

B.therefore

C.furthermore

D.consequently

27.

A.encourage

B.enhance

C.discourage

D.urge

28.

A.number

B.quality

C.amount

D.sum

29.

A.when

B.where

C.those

D.which

30.

A.benefit

B.share

C.fine

D.allowance

四、汉译英

31.他在纠正学生错误时总是采取积极的态度。

always takes a positive attitude in correcting the mistakes of his students.

32.他们受到的教育越多，就越能更好地完成工作。

e better educated they are/Th 国家开放大学 e more education they receive, the better they can perform in their work.

33.如果昨天我知道这件事, 我就会告诉你的。

I had known about it yesterday, I would have told you.

34.我们会尽最大努力来帮助她做这个工作。

will do/try our best to help her with her/the work.

五、写作

35.写作

Instructions:Your essay should be no less than 150 words.

For about three decades, China has been upholding "one-child family" as its fundamental policy of family planning. Write an essay on the topic "My View on One-child Family". And you should base your essay on the outline below.

1.一些人对独子家庭持肯定态度。

2.另一些人持否定的态度。

3.我的看法。