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轻松解决学习难题!

中国大学MOOC人文社科英语作业答案

人文社科英语

学校: 九八五题库

学校: 超星学习通

题目如下：

1. 1. What is one strategy that can help you predict what the content of a text will be?

A. Figuring out the thesis and the topic sentences that support it

B. Figuring out the main argument and author's credibility

C. Figuring out the rhetorical context and the intended audience

答案: Figuring out the thesis and the topic sentences that support it

2. 2. How do you know when you have found a text's explicit thesis statement?

A. If you have read the whole work, summarized it in a sentence or two, looked for nearly matching sentences in the text, and found a match.

B. If you have read the whole work, summarized it, looked for nearly matching sentences in the text, and haven't found a sentence that sums up the whole text.

C. If you have read the sentence at the top of each paragraph and found a match to another text

答案: If you have read the whole work, summarized it in a sentence or two, looked for nearly matching sentences in the text, and found a match.

3. 3. What kind of thesis is likely if you have read the whole work, summarized it, looked for nearly matching sentences in the text you are reading, and haven't found a sentence that sums up the whole text, but the meaning and point is clear?

A. an implicit thesis

B. an explicit thesis

C. a topic sentence

答案: an implicit thesis

4. 4. Read the following sentence and decide what type of thesis statement it is. "The core components of a healthy lifestyle include a nutritious diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep."

A. argumentative thesis statement

B. analytical thesis statement

C. expository thesis statement

答案: expository thesis statement

5. 5. Read the following sentence and decide what type of thesis statement it is. "The school's policy to start its school day an hour later revealed three related benefits: students were more alert and attentive in class, had a more positive about school, and performed better in their coursework."

A. argumentative thesis statement

B. analytical thesis statement

C. expository thesis statement

答案: analytical thesis statement

6. 1. Read the following sentences and identify which can be used in the introduction of a presentation. (注意此题为多选题）

A. I would like to summarize the talk by running through the main points.

B. The aim of this presentation is to find a desirable solution to this severe problem.

C. Please feel free to ask me any questions.

D. I'll begin with a preview of the contents to be covered.

E. Thank you, Professor James, for your kind introduction.

F. It's a great pleasure for me to address such a distinguished audience.

G. Let's look at another disadvantage of being so attached to your pet.

H. Today I'd like to talk about intelligent animals in the world.

答案: The aim of this presentation is to find a desirable solution to this severe problem.# Please feel free to ask me any questions.# I'll begin with a preview of the contents to be covered.# Thank you, Professor James, for your kind introduction.# It's a great pleasure for me to address such a distinguished audience.# Today I'd like to talk about intelligent animals in the world.

7. 1. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who directed the building of the first atomic bombs during World War II, had technical, moral, and political reasons for opposing the development of the hydrogen bomb.

B. J. Robert Oppenheimer often referred to as "the father of the atomic bomb," was born in New York City in 1904.

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8. 2. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. Like other addictive behaviors, Internet addiction may have serious negative consequences, including academic failure, job loss, and a breakdown in personal relationships.

B. Drug and alcohol addiction is a major problem in the world today, and many people suffer from it.

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9. 3. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. The bicycle was introduced in the nineteenth century and rapidly grew into a worldwide phenomenon.

B. In several ways, bicycles today are better than they were 100 or even 50 years ago.

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10. 4. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. Although many varieties of beans belong in a healthy diet, among the most nutritious are black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas, and pinto beans.

B. Although beans are generally good for you, some kinds of raw beans can be dangerous if they're not well cooked.

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11. 5. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. There are several steps that teachers can take to encourage academic integrity and curtail cheating in their classes.

B. There is an epidemic of cheating in America's schools and colleges, and there are no easy solutions to this problem.

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12. 1. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. J. Robert Oppenheimer, the American physicist who directed the building of the first atomic bombs during World War II, had technical, moral, and political reasons for opposing the development of the hydrogen bomb.

B. J. Robert Oppenheimer often referred to as "the father of the atomic bomb," was born in New York City in 1904.

答案：请关注【九八五题库】微信公众号，发送题目获取正确答案。

13. 2. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. Like other addictive behaviors, Internet addiction may have serious negative consequences, including academic failure, job loss, and a breakdown in personal relationships.

B. Drug and alcohol addiction is a major problem in the world today, and many people suffer from it.

答案：请关注【九八五题库】微信公众号，发送题目获取正确答案。

14. 3. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. The bicycle was introduced in the nineteenth century and rapidly grew into a worldwide phenomenon.

B. In several ways, bicycles today are better than they were 100 or even 50 years ago.

答案：请关注【九八五题库】微信公众号，发送题目获取正确答案。

15. 4. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. Although many varieties of beans belong in a healthy diet, among the most nutritious are black beans, kidney beans, chickpeas, and pinto beans.

B. Although beans are generally good for you, some kinds of raw beans can be dangerous if they're not well cooked.

答案：请关注【九八五题库】微信公众号，发送题目获取正确答案。

16. 5. According to the guidelines to write a good thesis statement, choose the better or stronger thesis statement from the two choices.

A. There are several steps that teachers can take to encourage academic integrity and curtail cheating in their classes.

B. There is an epidemic of cheating in America's schools and colleges, and there are no easy solutions to this problem.

答案：请关注【九八五题库】微信公众号，发送题目获取正确答案。

17. 1. Each cluster below contains one topic, one thesis statement, and two supporting sentences. In the space provided on the left, label each item as follows: T---topic; TH--thesis statement; S--supporting sentence When you answer, you need to write T, TH or S in the blank. Group 1: ___1__ a. Films based on historical events are sometimes shown in class. ___2__ b. Making history more interesting ___3__ c. Some history teachers use innovative methods to increase student interest. ___4__ d. Instructors ask students to write short plays dramatizing historical events.

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18. 2. Each cluster below contains one topic, one thesis statement, and two supporting sentences. In the space provided on the left, label each item as follows: T---topic; TH--thesis statement; S--supporting sentence When you answer, you need to write T, TH or S in the blank. Group 2: ___1____ a. Medicine ___2____ b. Antibiotics have enabled doctors to control many diseases that were once fatal. ___3___ c. Organ transplants have prolonged the lives of tens of thousands of people. ___4____ d. Advances in modern medicine have had great success in helping people.

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19. 1. According to the first paragraph, surgeons and historians should________.

A. be sure of their own abilities before doing their work.

B. aim towards an ideal, even though it is unattainable

C. try to cure the problems caused by past actions

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20. 2. What is the main point that the writer makes in the second paragraph?

A. We are unable to prevent the past from affecting the present.

B. There can be no justification for ignoring the lessons of the past.

C. People sometimes refuse to accept the truth of some past events.

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21. 3. In the third paragraph, the writer claims that our need to know about other countries has changed because_____________.

A. our understanding of our own countries is as complete as it can be

B. we need to discover how relationships between countries have evolved

C. countries are affected much more by each other than they used to be

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22. 4. One of the effects of “the forces of modernization” mentioned in the fifth paragraph is__________.

A. the destruction of the essential values of some communities

B. domination of small communities by larger ones

C. a reduction in the isolation of communities inside a country

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23. 1. Listen to a lecture and choose the best answer from the four choices provided for each question. (仅将各选项前的字母A, B, C or D填入答案) 1. A) Animal skins B) Pieces of clay C) Cloth made from grass D) A special type of grass 2. A) He turned making paper into an industry. B) He invented paper about 2,000 years ago. C) He introduced paper to other civilizations. D) He changed paper to match the environment. 3. A) They coated their paper with a fine paste. B) They made paper cheaper and easier to buy. C) They built factories devoted to making paper. D) They made paper of different colors and strengths. 4. A) New uses for paper products would be found. B) Paper would no longer be made from trees. C) Paper would no longer be in use soon. D) New varieties of paper will come into being.

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24. 1. The three-part essay is a writing format that consists of three parts: introduction, body and analysis.

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25. 2. This three-part format is the basis for all types of formal writing.

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26. 3. The author may introduce some new facts, results or ideas in the conclusion.

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27. 4. Longer academic essays use the extended version of the three-part format. In these cases, the author will divide his or her discussion up into sections and each section will be structured according to the three-part format.

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28. 5. The author of an academic essay does not necessarily have to follow such a strict format (the three-part structure). They can show more creativity like fiction writers.

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29. 1. Directions: Complete the structure of the text with the missing information. Controversy about the relationship of language and culture (Paras.1-7) (1) Charlemagne believes that to have a second language is to have _①___________. (Para. 6) (2) Chomsky believes that there is a ___②________________________for all human languages and because language don’t differ from one another, it makes no sense to ask whether __③_____________________________________________________. (Para. 6)

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30. 2. Different ways in which language influences our thoughts (Paras. 8-18) (1) Language shapes how we express __④_________________ (Paras. 8-11) (2) Language shapes how we express __⑤_________________ (Paras. 12-13) (3) languages shapes how we understand ___⑥________________ (Paras. 14-16) (4) Different patterns in language reveal different cultures. (Paras. 17-18)

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31. 3. The author’s opinion towards the relationship between language and culture. (Paras. 19-21) All this new research shows us that the language we speak not only ___⑦____________________ our thoughts but also __⑧______________ the very thoughts we wish to express

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32. 1. Directions: Decide whether the following statements are true or false according to the passage you have just read. 1. Charlemagne believes language profoundly influences culture.

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33. 2. Chomsky’s universal grammar is strong proof of Charlemagne’s theory.

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34. 3. “A northeast hand” is acceptable in a language of one of the Australian regions.

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35. 4. In Aymara, we may say “behind 20 years” to express “20 years ago”.

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36. 5. In terms of causality and agent,Spanish is somehow similar to Japanese.

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37. 6. The Piraha people may not have the exact number while speaking its local language.

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38. 7. The fact that speakers ofdifferent languages think differently proves that language shapes thoughts.

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39. 8. An experiment of MIT studentsproves that cognition is influenced by language.

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40. 9. In the author’s opinion, when bilingual people switch from one language to another, they start thinking differently.

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41. 10. The author doesn’t agree with Charlemagne’s opinion.

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42. 1. Audiences reatain unstructured information less accurately than structured information.

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43. 2. An academic presentation is exactly the same as other kinds of presentations.

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44. 3. In the introduction of your presentation, you deliver the major content.

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45. 4. To prevent the audiences from losing their interest, you can not present the major content in the same order as that in your reserch paper.

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46. 5. It's important to employ appropriate transitions or signal words so that your audience will have no trouble following you through your presentation.

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47. 1. You have a friend who usually looks over your papers and together you discuss how to improve them. Is this plagiarism?

A. Yes, you should never accept help with the writing of your papers.

B. It's fine to get help from a friend as long as your discussion is a general one, and does not involve detailed conceptual or editorial changes.

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48. 2. You are guilty of plagiarism if you:

A. Examine the ideas and arguments of others to help you shape your own thoughts or views on a particular issue.

B. Use the work of another and misrepresent it as your own.

C. Make use of the works of others to gather information.

D. Make use of the works of others to support your own arguments.

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49. 1. Directions: rewrite the sentences replacing the long expressions with single words selected from the accompanying list. The name of the sender could not be found in any poart of the letter. The letter was __________.

A. estimate

B. unassailable

C. anonymous

D. futile

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50. 2. My efforts did not meet with success. My efforts were __________.

A. futile

B. annonymous

C. estimate

D. unassailable

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51. 3. There was no means by which the enemy could attack the fortress. The fortress was __________.

A. annonymous

B. futile

C. unassailable

D. estimate

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52. 4. Let me have an idea of how much it would cost. let me __________ the cost.

A. futile

B. unassailable

C. anonymous

D. estimate

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53. 1. What are the four functions of literature?

A. Cognitive function

B. Educational function

C. Aesthetic function

D. Entertaining function

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54. 1. Listen again and complete the extracts. Well I ____ ____ ____ ____ ____. (每一个空格处填一个单词，此题需填出5个单词，下同） I think that's a ____ ____ ____. Well, I'm ____ ____ ____ about that. I think you're ____ ____. Hmm, that's a bit ____ ____ ____. I think that's ____ ____. That seems ______ to me. I have to admit I don't like the ____ ____ ____ ____ ____.

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55. 1. Match words 1-7 with synonyms A-G.

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56. 1. Read the following sentences and identify which can be used in the concluding part of a presentation.

A. Well, let's move on to the next point.

B. I'm delighted to have the opportunity to report my research today.

C. To sum up, we have elaborated four possible solutions to the problem of traffic congestion.

D. I hope this has given you a general understanding of what is urban planning.

E. An example of this can be found in a city planning of Venice.

F. Can you see the words on the slide clearly?

G. Now I'm ready to answer your questions. Would you please raise your hands?

H. I'm going to divide my talk into four parts.

I. Thank you so much for your attention today.

J. In this part, I'm going to explain how to be a good city planner.

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57. 1. Study the speaking skills and complete the following closing part of a presentation with the expressions A-G. (作答时仅填入字母，不要填短语) A. briefly summarize B. I hope that you have found C. if you have any questions D. the biggest reason E. several possible solutions F. talked about G. thank you so much Presentation: In the end, I'd like to _____1_____what have been discussed today. First, we __2_____the situation that in recent years more cities have become overcrowded, especially during rush hours. Then we try to explore major causes for the situation. _____3_____is that too many cars are produced and owned. Finally, ___4______have been proposed, such as developing public transportation and encouraging sharing bicycles or cars. ____5____the presentation helpful and that everyone has realized one thing: city planning should always “put people before automobiles”. ___6_____for your attention. (Wait for applause from the audience). I think we still have some time for a few questions. Please raise your hand to let me know ___7_____.

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58. 1. Directions: Try to identify sentences that serve specific roles in the following abstract. （摘要中共6句话，作答时只需在答案中填写1-6其中任一数字即可，不要加括号。例如，认为第一句为正确答案，即在答案处写1） Abstract: (1)The concept of happiness has been extensively studied in psychology but has received limited attention in the marketing field as the antecedent of the consumer behaviour aspects such as impulse buying and brand loyalty. (2)This research considers the effect of happiness on impulse buying and brand loyalty and examines how brand loyalty affects impulse buying. (3)The regression analysis was used to assess the assumed effects.(4)The assumption of the existence of the relationship between happiness, impulsive buying and brand loyalty was not supported, revealing that this phenomenon still requires further scientific attention. (5)Contrary to the predictions, the brand loyalty was positively related to the affective aspect of impulsive buying tendency. (6)This study contributes to the understanding of the reasons for the brand loyalty and impulse buying, where the latter is associated with negative outcomes with respect to the individual. Question 1 Which sentence provides background information? Question 2 Which sentence summarizes the main idea of the research? Question 3 Which sentence introduces the method of the study. Question 4 Which sentence sums up the result contrary to the expectation?

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59. 1. How many phases of sleep do people usually cycle through?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

D. Five.

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60. 2. According to the text, bedwetting, night terror, or sleep walking the children usually experience happen during .

A. light sleep

B. deep sleep

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61. 1. While we sleep, both our bodies and brains are inactive.

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62. 2. If people are shaken out of a deep sleep, they might feel weak, confused and unable to think clearly.

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63. 3. It is impossible to skip REM sleep and go directly to a normal new sleep cycle if it is disturbed.

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64. 4. The amount of sleep each person needs depends on how old he/she is.

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65. 5. If people are used to sleeping late or have not got enough sleep in the previous days, the body will demand the bebt be repaid.

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66. 6. Driver drowsiness might be worse than intoxication.

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67. 7. Sleep disorders and the resulting sleep deprivation have negative influence on people's work, driving, and social activities.

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68. 8. Most of sleep disorders cannot be managed successfully even when they are diagnosed.

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69. 1. What is NOT the advantage of people with greater optimism according to the lecture?

A. They tend to have better health and live longer.

B. They appear to make people happier.

C. They are better gamblers.

D. They are helpful in the work environment.

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70. 2. Which is true about pessimistic people according to the lecture?

A. Pessimists have little control over their determination.

B. Pessimists have a welcome trait for entrepreneurs.

C. Pessimists are more likely to start smoking again sooner.

D. Pessimists like to take chances.

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71. 3. What is advisable for viewing situations according to the speaker?

A. Having an optimistic outlook.

B. Having a pessimistic outlook.

C. Having a more optimistic view at the beginning.

D. Having a more pessimistic view at the beginning.

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72. 1. Clinicians and researchers still debate whether excessive use of cellphones or other technology can constitute an addiction.

A. dependent

B. form; make up

C. understand

D. make the most of

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73. 2. Would they mistakenly interpret something they hear as a ringtone, their phone rubbing in their pocket as a vibrating alert or even think they see a notification on their phone screen-when, in reality, nothing is there?

A. dependent

B. form; make up

C. understand

D. make the most of

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74. 3. But they raise the specter of how reliant we are on our phones-and how much influence phones have in our social lives.

A. dependent

B. form; make up

C. understand

D. make the most of

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75. 1. You then might plausibly wonder: “Is my phone acting up, or is it me?” (Para. 2)

A. 那你可能会寻思：“是我的手机有问题，还是我自己？”

B. 那你可能会寻思：“是我的手机有问题，还是我自己有问题？”

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76. 2. At least you're not alone. (Para. 4)

A. 至少，不只你一个人会这样。

B. 至少，你不是一个人。

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77. 3. We often hear reports about how cellphone use can be problematic for relationships and for developing effective social skills. (Para. 8)

A. 我们经常听到一些报道，提到手机使用如何影响人际关系、发展有效的社交技能。

B. 我们经常听到一些报道，提到手机使用如何影响人际关系、妨碍有效社交技能的发展。

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78. 1. Students who are caught cheating in college can be kicked out of the university without a refund.

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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79. 2. The average giant tortoise will outlive the average human.

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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80. 3. Burning the flag should be a crime.

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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81. 4. Playing video games is more fun than doing homework.

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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82. 5. A human being will die sooner from lack of sleep than from lack of food.

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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83. 1. Examine each of the following sentences from Text B and judge whether it is a fact or / and opinion. 1. At least you're not alone. Over 80 percent of college students we surveyed have experienced it. (Para. 4)

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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84. 2. However, if it's happening a lot — more than once a day — it could be a sign that you're psychologically dependent on your cellphone. (Para. 4)

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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85. 3. Our research team recently found that most people will fill their downtime by fiddling with their phones. Others even do so in the middle of a conversation. And most people will check their phones within 10 seconds of getting in line for coffee or arriving at a destination. (Para. 5)

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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86. 4. Those who scored higher on cellphone dependency — they more often used their phones to make themselves feel better, became irritable when they couldn't use their phones and thought about using their phone when they weren't on it — had more frequent phantom phone experiences. (Para. 12)

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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87. 5. We are in a brave new world of virtual socialization, and the psychological and social sciences can barely keep up with advances in the technology. (Para. 14)

A. Fact

B. Opinion

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88. 1. The only purpose of note-taking is to relieve memory burden .

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89. 2. Personal thoughts, questions and ideas shouldn't be included in an effective note.

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90. 3. Generally, mind maps, line graphs, bar charts, engineering blueprints, and architects' sketches are all examples of diagrams.

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91. 4. The Cornell Notes system is effective in promoting students’ ability of synthesizing (综合；结合) and evaluating.

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92. 1. What does the speaker imply by “I share therefore I am”?

A. We are very good at using technology to define ourselves.

B. We can define ourselves by sharing our thoughts and feelings.

C. We should not hide our thoughts and feelings.

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93. 2. Why do people become isolated even though they are busy connecting with each other in reality?

A. They are not able to have real communication with others.

B. They are not able to find themselves and gather themselves.

C. They are not able to have their family's full attention.

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94. 3. At the end of the speech, why does the speaker suggest that we should listen to each other?

A. We used to hesitate to talk to each other.

B. We should be aware of the danger of solitude.

C. It is the time when we reveal ourselves to each other.

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95. 1. You should improve your pronunciation of word combinations and phrases by using weak forms and joining words together appropriately in order to give a successful presentation.

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96. 2. When giving a presentation, you had better decide on a home position for your hands and use as many hand movements as possible.

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97. 3. You can put all you want to present on a Powerpoint software and make it speak for you in a presentation.

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98. 1. Match the following words or phrases in Column A with the Chinese meanings in Column B.

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99. 1. Match the following words or phrases in Column A with the meanings in Column B.

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100. 2. Replace the underlined words and expressions with more formal ones from Text B. The STEM disciplines are highly worthy areas of study. 2. Anxious parents often advise their children to pursue these disciplines because job prospects are seemingly better in STEM areas. 3. The findings clearly emphasize the importance of the liberal arts. 4. More than 9 in 10 want those they hire to show ethical judgment and integrity, intercultural skills, and the capacity for continued new learning. 5. Increasingly, the information we receive from many sources — including 140-character Twitter feeds, videos and other social media 一 is tailored to our supposed interests. 6. Such graduates will develop skills to help our country carry out solutions rather than simply conduct arguments. 7. The abilities to quickly take in information, analyze what's needed, and aggregate content for personal or professional use are skills that are critical in all aspects of life today.

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101. 1. Match the following phrases in Column A with the Chinese meaning in Column B.

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102. 1. Traditional historians and new historicists adopt different opinions on history analysis. Read Text A and put the following statements into the right category.

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